A Functional Behaviour Assessment (FBA) is a core component of NDIS Positive Behaviour Support, yet it is often misunderstood. Many people assume it is a checklist or a one-time observation. In practice, a Functional Behaviour Assessment is a structured, ongoing process used to understand why behaviours of concern occur and what purpose they serve for the individual.
Under the NDIS, behaviours of concern are not viewed as problems to be eliminated, but as signals that something in the person’s environment, communication, or support needs attention. An FBA aims to identify the factors that influence behaviour, including physical, emotional, social, and environmental contributors.
A comprehensive Functional Behaviour Assessment typically includes direct observation across different settings, consultation with the participant and their support network, and review of relevant information such as routines, health factors, communication methods, and sensory needs. Behaviour Support Practitioners may also analyse when behaviours are more likely to occur, what happens before and after the behaviour, and how others respond.
The outcome of an FBA is not a diagnosis or judgement. Instead, it provides a clear understanding of behavioural patterns and the conditions that increase or reduce distress. This information forms the foundation of an NDIS Behaviour Support Plan, ensuring strategies are tailored, practical, and respectful.
When conducted properly, a Functional Behaviour Assessment supports safer environments, reduces reliance on restrictive practices, and ensures that behaviour support strategies align with NDIS Practice Standards and the individual’s goals.